With the distraction of the contentious Presidential campaign finally behind us, traders and investors have refocused on what policies the new President will pursue. The expectation had been that the final vote tally would take days, if not weeks to be announced. Instead, it was announced early the next morning that Donald Trump would be making a second appearance as POTUS. The capital markets have interpreted the results as good news, with S&P 500 index punching through 6,000 and the U.S. dollar reversing the swoon it had been in since May of this year. The irony is that the yield curve flattened, with short maturities rising in yield. The yield-to-maturity of the 2-year note has risen 75 basis points from the low despite the 75 basis points of overnight rate cuts in the last two months. Trump has vowed to energize the economy with the double edge sword of economic stimulus and regulatory rollback.

With the unusually hot (for the Northeast) weather, a most satisfying Olympics games, and the last of the days in the Hamptons behind us, now seems a good time to put together a road map of where we think the markets will be at the end of this year. Compared to years past, the last four months of 2024 seem particularly fraught with wild cards.

The Federal Reserve was adamant about reversing their series of rate hikes last December, only to be forced to back-track when economic growth reignited in the first quarter. When growth reaccelerated, there were even calls, albeit muted, that the Fed would need to raise interest rates at least one more time. Through the second quarter, the talk of another rate hike has been quelled by a resumption in the fall of inflation and a cooling in the job market.

This month kicked off with the conclusion of the FOMC meeting. It was widely expected that Chairman Powell would acknowledge that the Fed made a mistake in suggesting that rate cuts were imminent back in December. He didn’t go quite that far but did opine that the committee was “less confident” that inflation would fall to 2% in the near term. But he also cast doubt on the possibility that the next move in interest rates would be a hike, as has been suggested by market watchers.

One must wonder if the Federal Reserve is deliberately trying to mislead fixed income managers. It certainly seems that way. In 2022, when inflation warning signs were flashing everywhere, the committee maintained their expansionary, zero percent interest rate policy. Their response to the alarming pace of inflation was that it would prove transitory, and that inflation would soon return to the sub-2% trend. The fixed income community, believing the Fed possessed superior knowledge, extended duration to lock in the higher interest rates of the then upwardly sloping yield curve. After months of insisting that that the rise in inflation was transitory, the Committee realized that they had been wrong, and inflation was becoming entrenched in the minds of consumers. Upon that realization, the committee reacted by raising the overnight interest rate 500 basis points over the subsequent 16 months, causing the economy to wobble, and grinding the housing market to a near halt. That sharp move higher in the overnight rate pulled the entire yield curve higher as well, resulting in sharp losses to intermediate fixed income investors.