This holiday shortened week was free from the wild, unexpected economic data we’ve been seeing since the start of the year. Activity continues to surprise to the upside as has the inflation backdrop. Existing home sales fell -0.7% from last month’s measure, while the second look at Q4 GDP was revised lower to 2.7% from 2.9%. The most eye-popping of the week’s data, the Personal Consumption Expenditure price deflator, the Fed’s preferred measure of inflation, rose 5.4% year-over-year. That measure, when paired with the above expectation CPI released mid-month has taken the steam out of the nascent bond rally that started the year.

As we wrote last week, the tone of Chairman Powell’s comments during the post-FOMC press conference left observers with the sense that the Fed was close to a peak in the overnight rate. That view was immediately undone on Friday when the BLS reported that 517,000 jobs were added to the economy in January. Certainly not the outcome expected of an economy teetering on the brink of recession. To counter Powell’s comments, Fed speakers this week resounded their hawkishness. The “jawboning” worked with the 2-year note rising 40 basis points from last week’s low yield. The 30-year yield also rose, but by about half of the 2-year move. The overnight/30-year spread remains inverted and is closing the week at about -80 basis points. As we’ve mentioned before, an inverted yield curve has a negative cost of carry for levered investors. The risk is that those investors tire of the expense and exit the trade causing long rates to rise. Effectively, it’s the inverse of a short squeeze. That realization may have played a role in the disastrous 30-year auction on Thursday. Treasury notes and bonds trade on a when-issued basis for a number of days prior to being auctioned. The practice is useful in that it gives investors a strong idea of the yield level at which the new issue will clear. Yesterday’s 30-year auction had a 3.2 basis point tail. That was a disastrous outcome and equated to about a half point repricing on the bonds bought just before auction.

Fourth quarter GDP registered 2.9% annualized growth, beating the 2.6% expectation, but as is often the case with economic data, the devil is in the details. The growth was driven by rising inventories, government spending, and softening imports. The weakness in imports is mostly due to the Chinese covid quarantine and the resultant slowdown in production. With the Chinese factories humming again, we expect that net imports will revert to being a drain on GDP in the first quarter. Similarly, inventories added nicely to the headline number but that is also likely to flatten this winter. The biggest disappointment in the release was private final domestic demand. The measure of how much Americans wanted to consume fell from 1.1% in Q3 to 0.3% in Q4. That’s a significant slippage in demand, which jibes with the disappointing retail sales registered in the last two months of 2022.

The December CPI report released on Thursday was a pleasant surprise for investors. The headline CPI fell -0.1% month-over-month, and the year-over-year measure fell to 6.5% from 7.1% the previous month. Core CPI, the measure that excludes food and energy, rose 0.3% over the previous month, a slight uptick from the 0.2% previously reported. Core CPI has fallen to 5.7% year-over-year from the peak of 6.6% reported last September. The market breathed a sigh of relief as witnessed by the massive rally in the long bond on the day of the release, closing nearly two points above the previous day’s close. We suspect that much of the rally was driven by short covering, driving the yield-to-maturity down below 3.6%. At that yield level it’s hard to justify buying from a fundamental perspective.

We had a feeling the government economists wouldn’t let 2022 get away without a little post-FOMC volatility. A summation of the economic releases this week is that the housing market stinks, inflation continues to be a problem, and consumer confidence ticked up last month. We’re skeptical of that last point. Both the Conference Board and the University of Michigan showed an uptick in confidence despite the continued array of layoff announcements. Our conclusion is that the uptick is directly correlated to the drop in gas prices and nothing more.